In the context of a growing need for professional mental health support, including the consequences of military conflicts, the importance of comprehensive training of psychiatrists is increasing. The paper presents a full-scale study of the required professional skills set for psychiatrists with a focus on their classification and development in the context of the higher medical education. It analyzes the key components of professional training, from general medical and specialized knowledge to soft skills, ethical competencies, and self-regulatory abilities. The paper focuses on the development of a professional mindset as the foundation of the clinical and ethical maturity of future psychiatrists. Additionally, it examines pedagogical approaches that foster the development of sustainable skills, including problem-based and case-based learning, simulation modeling, and supervision. It identifies a conflict between professional training requirements and the existing educational environment (characterized by a shortage of personnel, limited practical training, and insufficient funding). The paper also substantiates the need for comprehensive measures to streamline the training of professionals, which will ensure the sustainable quality of mental health support and the personnel security of the healthcare system. Finally, it highlights the importance of developing the ability of future professionals to self-reflect and regularly review clinical approaches. This will allow them to promptly respond to challenges faced by modern psychiatry and focus on the individual needs of patients in various socioeconomic environments.