Humanitarian Military Journal

The paper explores key areas of scientific research caused by the need to adapt to the conditions of modern armed conflicts. A particular emphasis was placed on military medicine, including the creation of mobile medical complexes, the improvement of methods for diagnosing and treating combat trauma, and the introduction of telemedicine technologies for providing immediate assistance in conflict areas. In addition, the impact of military activities on the health of servicemen was studied, including post-traumatic stress disorder, neuropsychological consequences, and methods for their correction. Scientific advances in the combat environment encompass a broad spectrum of issues, ranging from the enhancement of medical care methodologies to the development of psychological rehabilitation programs for service members and veterans. The discourse addressed strategies for the social rehabilitation of military personnel, including the integration of veterans into society, professional retraining, and psychological support. Examples of international experience in this area were presented, including the practice of stress testing and the simulation of combat conditions in military training programs. Armed conflict inevitably becomes a catalyst for scientific progress, fostering the development of technology, medicine, and psychology. In the contemporary context, scientific knowledge is adapted to address the challenges of war, leading to the development of effective mechanisms that mitigate its consequences for military personnel and civilians. An interdisciplinary approach, integrating medicine, military pedagogy, psychology, information technology, and social research, facilitates the emergence of innovative solutions that contribute to the preservation of life, health, and well-being of the population in armed conflicts.

This paper is dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Victory in the World War II in 1941–1945. It analyzes the contribution of the Military Medical Academy to the medical support of the Red Army during the war and to the Victory. It outlines the key and significant stages of medical support for the army, from establishing a field medical service to organizing education in the evacuated academy. The review is based on the analysis of archival documents, memoirs, and scientific publications, which allows to assess the development of the military medical system, its impact on the efficiency of the army’s medical procurement, and the reduction of sanitary losses. The paper provides facts about the significant reforms implemented at the Academy in the pre-war and war periods, aimed at strengthening the control over the quality of training, accelerating the graduation of specialists, and developing new treatment modalities. The authors emphasize the necessity of studying the history of the Military Medical Academy in preserving the memory of the heroism of its personnel and fostering patriotic consciousness. This is especially true in the contemporary context, when historical facts are subject to distortion. The Academy’s contribution to the Victory is an indisputable proof of the importance of medicine in combat scenarios, and its scientific achievements are still relevant in current military medical education and practice.

The article examines the genesis of the Russian vocational education, which has laid the foundation for Russian vocational education in the field of human locomotion. The authors used a theoretical and retrospective approach, enabling the identification of the primary stages in the evolution of vocational education. This method facilitated the analysis of its transformation and the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships, thereby contributing to the development of the educational system. The study encompassed significant historical milestones, starting from the emergence of the first forms of education within Orthodox monasteries and the establishment of educational institutions under the patronage of Peter the Great, culminating in the evolution of vocational education in the 19th and 20th centuries. A comprehensive review of the reform process in the system of training specialists was conducted, including the introduction of compulsory education in trade schools, the establishment of universities, the development of the engineering education system, and the organization of factory schools during the Soviet period. Furthermore, the study examined the impact of social and economic transformations on the vocational education. The authors analyzed the development of educational programs, the influence of scientific discoveries on teaching methods, and the training of teaching staff. Vocational education in the field of human motor activity requires a systematic approach to the training of specialists. This approach must take into account scientific achievements, labor market needs, and educational traditions. The theoretical and retrospective method facilitated the identification of regularities in the development of the educational system and the determination of its future directions, thus ensuring the continuity of knowledge and improving the quality of teacher training.

Physical training has played a significant role in combat operations in all eras, providing soldiers with endurance, strength, and ability to survive in order to successfully complete combat missions. Knowledge of the historical peculiarities of the physical training system as part of military personnel training, its changes under the influence of various factors allows us to assess the importance and impact of physical training on the combat effectiveness of the modern army and navy, which can contribute to the analysis and design of up-to-date military training programs. The review describes the role of physical training in as part of combat training and education of Russian soldiers over a long period of its military history. Dialectical materialist and basic empirical methods were employed to study and analyze scientific papers and educational sources. As combat concepts and methods developed, approaches to combat training for military personnel also changed. The gradual establishment of the combat training system began to be accompanied by physical training and the need to improve the physical strength of soldiers. With the reforms of Peter the Great, physical training began to be used for practical military purposes and secured its esteemed place in the system of combat training. Physical training plays a vital role in developing a strong character in military personnel and also improves their combat effectiveness metrics, depending on professional tasks and training programs. The most effective branches of physical training are those that have practical relevance for military and professional skills of military personnel.

BACKGROUND: Training students at the School of Dentistry requires extensive knowledge and practical skills, as mandated by the applicable Federal Educational Standards of Higher Education. By evaluating the development of certain abilities, one can determine a student’s interest in and aptitude for various areas of knowledge, as well as predict their academic success. Successful professional training in dentistry is associated with students’ levels of logical, mathematical, and spatial thinking, professional focus, and their tendency toward addictive behavior. Based on this analysis, we propose an automated diagnostic suite, Assessment of Psychological Readiness for Studying at a Medical University, to evaluate future students’ psychological readiness for studying dentistry at a medical university.

AIM: To develop a system that determines the degree of cognitive ability development, commitment to mastering a medical profession, individual adaptability, and the propensity for addictive behavior.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Following an analysis of existing psychological study methods and the characteristics of professional training in a medical university, the School of Dentistry proposed an automated suite, Assessment of Psychological Readiness for Studying at a Medical University.

RESULTS: The results of the automated suite study include the assessments the effectiveness of the methods Arithmetic Calculations, Syllogisms and Spatial Thinking as well as general intelligence. Individual adaptability, behavioral control, communicative potential, and ethical normativity are evaluated using the Multilevel Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) on Adaptability. The propensity for addictive behavior is assessed according to the scales Addictive Tendency, Addictive Propensity, Addictive Behavior and Addictive Disorder of the Addictive Propensity method. The degree of commitment to mastering a medical profession is determined using the Motivation method. Special abilities in the field of life safety are assessed based on the results of the Special Abilities in the field of Life Safety test.

CONCLUSIONS: The proposed automated suite, Assessment of Psychological Readiness for Studying at a Medical University, allows for the accurate identification of students’ cognitive ability levels, individual adaptability, addictive tendencies, and professional focus in the School of Dentistry.

BACKGROUND: The increasing number of military personnel with disabilities requires a new, comprehensive approach to rehabilitation.

AIM: To analyze the components of the rehabilitation process for military personnel with disabilities, focusing on comprehensive assistance. This includes the use of modern prosthetics and orthopedic devices, the organization of dedicated rehabilitation centers, mental health support to address traumatic stress, conducting group classes and trainings for social reintegration, implementing career guidance and employment programs, engaging family and close relatives in rehabilitation, creating a barrier-free environment and accessible infrastructure, ensuring governmental benefits and compensations, and organizing leisure, sports and creative events with the involvement of volunteers and the community.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used qualitative and quantitative content analysis. Scientific papers and theses published over the last decade were analyzed. The key ideologemes of the problematic area of rehabilitation of military personnel with disabilities have been explicated and ranked.

RESULTS: A comparative analysis has revealed a decrease in publication activity by explicated phraseological units.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings highlight an urgent need for further research on the physical rehabilitation of this demographic and the adjustment of regulatory documents for military personnel wishing to continue military service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

BACKGROUND: Extreme conditions and the specific demands of military profession cause stress in military personnel who exhibit signs of neuropsychological instability, which disrupts their functional state and can lead to erroneous actions, emergency situations and, consequently, failure in training and combat missions. Existing methods for assessing an individual’s neuropsychological stability have certain limitations, so the development and introduction of additional, objective techniques for diagnosing neuropsychological stability and signs of instability in military personnel are highly relevant.

AIM: To develop a mathematical model for diagnosing signs of neuropsychological instability in military personnel using stabilometry.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 50 servicemen with similar military occupational specialty, whose average age was 24.05±1.02 years. Assessment of their professional skills and personal traits was carried out using the General Fitness for Military Service-3 method. Based on the data obtained, the sample was split into two groups: No signs of neuropsychological instability (n=36; 72%) and Signs of neuropsychological instability (n=14; 28%). The short-term locomotion memory was analyzed using the Triangle test on the Stabilan-01-2 stabilizer. The significance of differences between the groups was assessed using the Mann–Whitney U test. The multiple regression method and discriminant analysis were used to develop decision rules.

RESULTS: Servicemen with signs of neuropsychological instability exhibited lower balance function stability at all stages of testing. Locomotion memory — along with image, emotional, and verbal-logical memory, which characterizes mental activity — can serve as a marker for identifying signs of neuropsychological instability. We developed a diagnostic model for assessing signs of neuropsychological instability in servicemen, which has high sensitivity and specificity. We also proposed the decision rules to classify military personnel into either exhibiting or not exhibiting signs of neuropsychological instability based on the results of short-term locomotion memory testing using stabilometry.

CONCLUSIONS: The use of stabilometry as an additional method for objectifying aptitude screening results will enhance the effectiveness of selection processes in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.